anatomy

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr> <td valign="top" rowspan="2" width=210 BGCOLOR="#99CC99" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="0408dfc3.jpg"> <div> <B> <img src="HTMLobj-234/aniGif.gif" border="0" align="bottom" width="100" height="100">  </B></div> </td> <td valign="top" colspan=2 height=82 BGCOLOR="#CCCC99" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="0418dfe1esnpes.jpg"> <div> <FONT SIZE="5" COLOR="#336666" FACE="Arial" ><B>BONE PATHOLOGY</B></FONT><B>     </B><B>|</B><B>     </B><A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="BONE PATHOLOGY"><U><B>home</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id22.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="bone formation review"><U>bone formation review</U></A>   |   <B>anatomy</B>   |   <A HREF="id18.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="BONE PATHOLOGY"><U>BONE PATHOLOGY</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id25.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="fractures"><U>fractures</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id27.htm" TARGET="_top" 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VSPACE="0"></U></div> <div> <U><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b70118ff000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Temporals<IMG SRC="0dd52150.png" border=0 width="594" height="277" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></div> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <div> <B><U>Unpaired Cranial Bones:</U></B></div> <div> <U><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b70118ff000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Frontal<IMG SRC="0de8c200.png" border=0 width="396" height="288" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></div> <div> <U><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b70118ff000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Occipital<IMG SRC="0df54620.png" border=0 width="596" height="354" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></div> <div> <U><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b70118ff000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Sphenoid<IMG SRC="0e0041f0.png" border=0 width="516" height="287" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></div> <div> <U><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b70118ff000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Ethmoid<IMG SRC="0e1d7060.png" border=0 width="471" height="262" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></div> <div> Paired Facial Bones:</div> <div> <U><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b70118ff000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Lacrimals<IMG SRC="0e2313d0.png" border=0 width="305" height="317" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></div> <div> <U><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b70118ff000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Nasals<IMG SRC="0e3e1c80.png" border=0 width="225" height="200" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></div> <div> <U><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b70118ff000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Zygomatics<IMG SRC="0e4265a0.png" border=0 width="550" height="346" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></div> <div> <U><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b70118ff000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Maxillae<IMG SRC="0e5738e0.png" border=0 width="371" height="142" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></div> <div> <U><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b70118ff000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Palatines<IMG SRC="0e612ea0.png" border=0 width="530" height="234" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></div> <div> <U><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b70118ff000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Inferior Nasal Conchae<IMG SRC="0e759600.png" border=0 width="601" height="352" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></div> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <div> <B><U>Unpaired Facial Bones:</U></B></div> <div> <U><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b70118ff000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Vomer<IMG SRC="0e8f7500.png" border=0 width="503" height="336" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></div> <div> <U><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b70118ff000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Mandible<IMG SRC="0e9b8240.png" border=0 width="440" height="292" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></div> <div> <U><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b70118ff000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Hyoid</U></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>Vertebra</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <U>Atlas </U></div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7011800000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">transverse foramina<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7011800000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">superior facets<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <U>Axis</U><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7011800000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">odontoid (dens)<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <U>Thoracic</U><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7011800000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">body<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7011800000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">spinous process<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7011800000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">transverse process<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7011800000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">vertebral foramen<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7011800000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">pedicel<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7011800000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">lamina<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <U>Lumbar</U><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7011800000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">body<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7011800000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">lamina<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7011800000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">spinous process<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7011800000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">pedicel<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7011800000000.png" HEIGHT="19" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">transverse process<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <bR> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f000000000.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">J<B>oints of the Vertebral Column</B></div> <div> <B>The </B><B>atlas</B><B> and </B><B>axis</B><B> are joined by the </B><B>tectorial membrane</B><B> and the following ligaments:</B></div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f000000000.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Transverse</B><B>.</B></div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f000000000.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Alar</B><B>.</B></div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f000000000.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Anterior and posterior </B><B>longitudinal</B><B>.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>The vertebrae from C2 to S1 are joined by:<IMG SRC="0ec5a6a0.png" border=0 width="346" height="362" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B>1. </B><B>Intervertebral discs</B><B> between the vertebral bodies.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>2. </B><B>Synovial joint and 4 ligaments</B><B> between the vertebral arches.</B></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B><U>more bone anatomy will be available soon in a different web page</U></B></div> </td> </tr></table></body>